To close an abnormal hole (called a defect) between two of the heart's chambers. Septal closure is used most often to repair atrial septal defects (ASD) and patent foramen ovales (PFO).

What is the procedure?

There are two techniques to repair a septal defect: the traditional surgical method or a less-invasive, catheter-based approach. The doctor will determine which technique is best, depending upon the severity and type of defect.

The traditional surgical method is the most common method used. It is a type of open heart surgery which involves placing a patch to cover the hole.

Septal Closure utilizing the catheter-based technique allows minimally invasive closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD), a patent foramen ovale (PFO) or a ventricular septal defect (VSD). A catheter with a septal closure device is inserted, usually in the groin (the femoral artery), and is advanced to the heart and positioned within the defect. 

Once properly positioned within the defect, an umbrella-like device is opened within the heart's chambers, first in the left atrium (or ventricle) and then in the right atrium (or ventricle). The umbrella seals tightly to the surrounding normal septal tissue, creating a permanent closure of the defect. The catheter is removed, and the septal closure device remains in place. Closures of ASDs, PFOs, and VSDs are usually performed using ultrasound catheters to visualize and guide the procedure. These catheters are usually placed via a vein in the leg (Intracardiac Echo or ICE) or through the esophagus (Transesophageal Echo or TEE).

Where is the procedure performed?

The surgical approach is performed in the Operating Room (OR). The catheter-based technique is performed in the Heart & Vascular Hospital Cardiovascular Lab.

How long does this procedure take?

Septal closure usually takes 1-3 hours.

9/9/2008